Device for cooling armatures of dynamo-electrical machines.



Patented May 9, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

E. C. KETCHUM & D. H. ANDREWS.

DEVICE FOR COOLING ARMATURES 0F DYNAMO ELECTRICAL MACHINES.

APPLICATION FlLED JUNE 25, IBM. 1,182,848.

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E. C. KETCHUM & D. H. ANDREWS.

DEVICE FOR COOLING ARMATURESDF DYNAMO ELECTRICAL MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25,1914. Patented May 9, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

liwenlo-ns:

Ernest Glfelahum,

E. C. KETCHUM & D. H. ANDREWS.

DEVICE FOR COOLING ARMATURES 0F DYNAMO ELECTRlCAL MACHINES.

APPUCATIUN FILED JUNE 25, 1915. 1,182,848. Patented May 9,1916.

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ZZWMAMA Ernest alfeicham, f 72 W llavidlmndmws,

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9 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ERNEST C. KETCHUM, OF BOSTON, A ND DAVID H. ANDREWS, OF NEWTON CENTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

DEVICE FOR COOLING ARMATURES F DYNAMO-ELECTRICAL MACHINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 25, 1914. Serial No. 847,552.

To all whom itdnag concern:

Be it known that we, ERNEST C. KETCHUM and DAVID H. ANDREWS, citizens of the United States of America, and residents of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, and Newton Center, in the county of MiddleseX and State of Massachusetts, respectively, have invented certaln new and useful Improvements in Devices for Cooling Armatures of Dynamo-Electrical Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to dynamo electrical machines, and particularly to improved mechanisms for supplying a cooling fluid to the armature thereof, whereby the latter is prevented from overheating and thus interfering with the proper operation of the machinef The invention consists in certain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts which will be fully understood by reference to the description of the drawings and to the claims hereinafter given.

Of the drawings: Figure 1 represents a longitudinal vertical section of a machine embodving the principles of the present invention. Fig. 2 represents a vertical transverse section of the same, the cutting plane being on line 2-2 on Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents a vertical transverse section of the same, the cutting plane being on line 3-3 on Fig. 1. Fig. 4 represents an elevation of a portion of the inner face of one of the annular members at the end of the armature, and Fig. 5 represents a sectional detail to be hereinafter described.

Similar characters designate like parts throughout the several figures of the drawm sh In the drawings are shown portions of a dynamo electrical machine similar to that illustrated in Letters Patent No. 1,091,748, issued to us March 31, 1914. The end piece 10 at each end of the machine has mounted therein a ring 11, a portion of which extends beyond the outer face of the end piece 10 and is provided with a gutter 12. In the middle of the machine are the intermediate members 13 and 14 abutting one another and having formed in their adjacent faces the chamber 15. The members 1.3 and 14 have mounted therein the'rings 16 and 17, the

inner ends of which extend into the chamber 15 and are provided with gutters 18 and 19. The rings 11, 16, and 17 arecylindrical and of the same diameter, and centrally disposed therein is an armature shaft 20, each end of which is mounted in a bearing 21 formed upon a suitable framework. On the shaft 20 are mounted a plurality of tubular members 22, each succeeding member being shorter than the member it surrounds. These members are insulated from each other, as indicated in Fig. 3 of the drawings, and have mounted upon their projecting ends two series of disks 23, the disks in each series being insulated from each other and electrically connected with similar disks in the other series by means of the tubular members 22, all as fully described in the aforesaid Letters 'Patent. An armature of this type of dynamo electrical machine is adapted to be revolved with great rapidity. Difficulty has been found in the armature overheating and interfering with the proper operation of the machine. It has been found necessary, therefore, to provide some means for cooling the armature, and water has been found' to be the best cooling medium. Where water has been used as a cooling medium it would be thrown in every direction during the rapid revolutions of the armature. To obviate this and provide a means whereby a cooling fluid could be kept in constant circulation during the rapid rotation of the armature and confined so that there would be no leakage thereof onto the other parts of the machine is one of the principal objects of the present invention. To obtain this result an additional disk or member 24 is placed at either end of each series of disks 23, and the outer face of each of these disks 24 is provided with an annular groove 25. A plurality of inlet passages 26 extend through an annular member 27 mounted upon a shaft 20 within the end piece 10 and communicate with the annular groove 25 in each outer disk 24 near the inner edge of said annular groove. Interposed between the inner disks 24 and mounted upon the outer tubular member 22 are the members 28 having a periplr eral chamber 29 formed centrally therein. Each of these members 29 is provided with a plurality of inlet passages 30 which communicate with an annular groove 25 in one Patented May 9, 1916.

of the inner disks 24. near its inner edge. Fitted to the periphery of each member 30 is a bell-shaped member 31, the flaring ends of which are positioned in the chamber 15 somewhat separated from each other, as indicated in Fig. 1 of the drawings.

The periphery of the member 27 has a similar bell-shaped member 32 fitted thereto, the flaring end of this bell-shaped member 32 having secured thereto a ring 33 extending over the edge of the gutter 12. A portion of the bell-shaped member 32 is of greater diameter than the member 27, leaving a space between the periphery of said member 27 and the inner cylindrical face of the member 39 as indicated at Ell. This space 3%. communicates with the annular groove 25 by means of a plurality of grooves 35 in the periphery of the member 27 and a plurality of radial grooves 36 in the inner face of said member 27. Between the peripheries of the members 28 and the inner cylindrical face of the members 31 are similar spaces 37 which communicate with the annular groove 25 in the inner disks 2% by means of the peripheral grooves 38 and radial grooves 39. Secured to the outer face of the member 27 and flaring over the inlet end of the passages 26 is a cup-shaped member 40. A similar cup-shaped member 41 is secured to the inner laces of the members 2 and flares over the inlet ends of the passages 30. The members 27 and 2S and the bell-shaped members 31 and 12 revolve with the armature; while the end piece 10, the intermediate pieces 13 and 1-l and the rings 11, 1G, and 17, are fixed and nonrevoluble. To the outer face'oit the end piece 10 is secured the casing member 4-2 having an opening 4-5 in which is positioned a collar 1-1 on the shaft 20.

Secured to the inner face of the casing member and flaring inwardly from the opening 43 is a memberdzj. This member 45 serves to prevent any liquid within the easing 12 from leaking through the opening 463. A pipetG extends through the casing 42 with its discharge end positioned within the cup-shaped member 10. This pipe'46 communicates with a service pipe, 17 from any suitable source of supply. The pipe 47 extends into the chambers 15 and 99, and is provided at its inner end with a T branch 48 adapted to deliver a supply of cooling fluid into each of the cup-shaped members 41. The pipe 47 extends through a nut 49 threaded t0 the closing plug 50 threaded to the members 28 and closingthe chamber 15. This chamber15 is provided with the central inwardly extending rib 51 adapted to divide the fluid thrown against the cylindrical wall of said chamber so that said fluid will be caught in the gutters 1S and 19. The chamber 15 has an outlet 52 at the bottom and at one Side thereof as indicated in Fig. 3 of the drawings. The casing 42 is also provided with an outlet 53 through which a circulating fluid is adapted to make its exit.

\Vhen the machine is in operation a cooling fluid is supplied through the service pipe 47 and the branch pipe 416 to the cup-shaped members 40 and 41.

As the armature revolves at a high rate of speed the fluid will be thrown against the inner walls of the cup-shaped members 4-1 and 42 and pass through the inlet passages 2G and 30 to the annular grooves 25 in the disks The fluid will then pass through the radial grooves 36 and 39 and peripheral grooves 35 and 38 into the spaces 31 and 37 between the peripheries of the members 97 and 28 and the bell-shaped members 32 and '31. From these spaces illand 37 the fluid will venter the chamber formed by the casing 4'2 and the central chambers 29 and 15. It the fluid in He central chambers 15 is thrown outwardly by centrifugal action it will be separated by the inwardly extending rib 51 so that the fluid will be divided and caught in the gutters l8 and 19. and down which it will flow into the bottom of the chamber .15 and pass outwardly through the outlet pipe 5'). In a similar manner any fluid thrown by centrifugal action against the annular walls ol the casing member l2 will be collectcd in a gutter 12 and flow downwardly therein to the bottom of the casing chamber and pass therefrom through the outlet passage 5?). The ring 33 extending over the edge of the 100 gutter 12 prevents any of the fluid thus thrown about by ccntri'lugal action from passing outwardly between the ring 11 and the bell-shaped member 32. The bellshaped member 32' is secured to the annular member 27 by means ol the screws 54. The bell-shaped members 31 are secured to the members 98 by means of the screws 55, and the disks 21 are secured to the members 27 and 28 by means of the screws 56.

It has been "found in practice that by the use of this cooling device the armature may be driven at the greatest speed without overheating and without injuriously a fleeting the operation of the machine. This has all been accomplished without any leakage of the fluid, as a continuous flow is obtained through the service pipe t7 and constant; circulation of cooling fluid is secured in contact with opposite ends of the two series of disks of the armature.

It is to be understood that the members 27 and 28 which are comprehended within the meaning of the word arnniture as herein used. may be a part of the field and that in such machines as have a rotating field and a fixed armature, changes within the skill of an ordinary mechanic will adapt this invention to cooling the field if such should be found desirable.

It is believed that the many advantages of this invention will be fully apparent from the foregoing description.

Having thus described our invention, we claim:

1. In a device of the class described, the combination of a revoluble armature; a member at one end of said armature and revoluble therewith provided with an annular groove in its outer face; means abutting said member and closing said groove;

means for admitting a cooling fluid to said groove near its inner edge; and means for discharging said fluid from said groove from a point near its outer edge.

2. In a device of the class described, the combination of a revoluble armature; a member at each end of said armature and revoluble therewith provided with. an annular groove in its outer face; means abutting said member and closing means for admitting a cooling fluid to said grooves near the inner edges thereof; and means for discharging said fluid from the outer portions of said grooves.-

3. In a device of the class described, the combination of a revoluble armature; a member at one end of said armature provided with an annular groove in its outer face; an annular member contacting with said end member and provided with peripheral and radial grooves communicating with said annular groove; and means for supplying a cooling fluid to said annular groove.

at. In a device of the class described, the

combination of a revoluble armature; a

member at one end of said armature provided with an annular groove in its outer face; and an annular member contacting with said end member and provided with peripheral and radial grooves communicating with said annular groove; and passages extending through said annular member for supplying a cooling fluid to said annular groove.

5. .In a device of the class described, the combination of a revoluble armature consisting in part of a series of disks insulated from each other, the outer disks each being provided with an annular groove in its outer face having two concentric walls; and means for supplying a cooling fluid to said groove.

6. In a device of the class described, the combination of a revoluble armature provided with disks each having an annular groove in its outer face; a bell-shaped member secured to and revoluble with each disk; an annular revoluble member within each bell-shaped member provided with inlet passages to one of said annular grooves and outlet passages from said annular groove between said member and said bell-shaped member; and means for supplying a cooling fluid to said inlet passages.

said groove;

7. In a device of the class described, the combination of a revoluble armature consisting in part of a series of disks, the outer disks each having an annular groove in its outer face; a bell-shaped member secured to and revoluble with each outer disk; a nonrevoluble ring surrounding said bellshaped member and provided with an annular gutter; an annular revoluble member within each bellhaped member provided with inlet passages to one of said annular grooves and outlet'passages from said annular groovebetween said member and said bell-shaped member; a nonrevoluble casing inclosing the gutter of said ring; and means for supplying a cooling fluidto said inlet passages.

8.In a device of the class described, the combination of a revoluble armature consisting in part of a series of disks, the outer disks each having an annular groove in to and revoluble wit-l1 each outer disk; a nonrevoluble ring surrounding said bellshaped member and provided with an annular gutter; an annular revoluble member within each bell-shaped member provided with inlet passages to one of said annular grooves and outlet passages from said annular groove between said member and said bel1-shaped member; a nonrevoluble casing inclosing the gutter of said ring; and a cupshaped member secured to said annular member extending over said inlet passages; and means for supplying a cooling fluid to said cup-shaped member.

9. In a device of the'class described, the combination of a revoluble armature consisting in part of a series of disks, the outer disks each having an annular groove in its outer face; a bell-shaped member secured to and revoluble with each outer disk; a nonrevoluble ring surrounding. said bell-shaped member and provided with an annular gutter; an annular revoluble member within each'bell-shaped member provided with inlet passages to one of said annular grooves and outlet passages from said annular groove between said member and said bellshaped member; a nonrevoluble casing inclosing the gutter of said ring; a flanged member secured to said bell-shaped member and extending over the edgev of said gutter;

and means for supplying a cooling fluid to said inlet passages.

10. In a device of the class described, the combination of a revoluble armature having an annular groove in its outer face; a bell-shaped member secured to and revoluble with said armature; a nonrevoluble ring surrounding said bell-shaped member and provided with an annular gutter; an annular revoluble member within each bellshaped member provided with inlet passages to one of said annular grooves and out-.

its outer face; a bell-shaped member secured let passages from said annular groove between said member and said bell-shaped member; a nonrevoluble casing inclosing the gutter of said ring; a flanged member secured to said bell-shaped member and extending over the edge of said gutter; a flaring member secured to said casing and surrounding the armature shaft; and means for supplying a cooling fluid to said inlet passages.

11. In a device of the class described, the combination of a revoluble armature having an annular groove in its outer face; a bell-shaped member secured to and revoluble with said armature; a nonrevoluble ring surrounding said bell-shaped member and provided with an annular gutter; an annu- 

